OS DIREITOS HUMANOS EM ROBERTO MANGABEIRA UNGER.

Law - Introduction, History, Philosophy And Sociology of Law. Philosophy. Politics. Democracy. Unger, Roberto Mangabeira, 1947-.

This essay aims to examine whether the Welfare State project has failed and how this apparent failure is intrinsically connected to the rise of citizen discontent. By tracing the historical roots of the Rechtsstaat and its development into the Welfare State, we highlight how the increasing gap between grand promises and their limited fulfillment has fueled widespread discontent. The much-acclaimed Welfare State seems to have transformed itself into a Malaise State, marked by a dual institutional failure: the inability to universalize (...) its promises and the lack of political responses to the social discontent caused by that first incapacity. In this context, what was once considered a collective social desire has become (hyper)individualized within a “turboglobalized” world, inverting the traditional relation in which public improvement had the capacity to positively impact private life. Despite this, the responsibility of governments remains justified, as the transfer of power through democratic elections inherently carries the condition of accountability. However, democracy by itself seems unable to resolve these crises, especially when it comes to the well know populisms that carry out the so-called policies of disconcertment. Traditional institutional structures and power divisions also fall short, as the crisis of liberal democracy transcends national borders, becoming a shared Western dilemma. This scenario presents a paradox: while liberal democracy struggles with its self-created problems, abandoning its core values risks descent into tyranny. How, then, can we bridge the democracy gap while remaining democratic? We identify that a forward-thinking State philosophy, rooted in institutional (re)imagination and a reconstruction of the political and conceptual foundations of power, offers a viable pathway for addressing these impasses and envisioning effective solutions. (shrink)

Escritos por onze renomados filósofos os ensaios pretendem, de forma acessível e didática, explicitar as principais tendências e perspectivas da reflexão ética contemporânea. Indicado a estudantes e docentes de filosofia ética, teologia, sociologia e interessados em geral. -/- Prefàcio 1.Tendencias neoaristotelicas na etica atual - Sergio Cremaschi 2. Alasdair MacIntyre e o retorno as tradicoes morais de pesquisa racional - Helder Buenos Aires de Carvalho 3. Etica da finitude - Zeljko Loparic 4. Por uma etica ilustrada e progressista: uma (...) defesa do utilitarismo - Maria Cecilia Maringoni de Carvalho 5. A relacao da filosofia analitica com a teologia moral - Terence Kennedy 6. Rawls: uma teoria etico-politica da justica - Sonia T. Felipe 7. Etica do discurso - F. Javier Herrero 8. Hans Jonas: o principio responsabilidade - Oswaldo Giacoia Junior 9. Etica de coerencia dialetica - Carlos Cirne-Lima 10. Etica intencionalista-teleologica em vittorio hosle - Manfredo Araujo de Oliveira. (shrink)

Sem querer ser uma aproximação histórica e cultural ao tema indicado no título, este artigo visa discutir o seu quadro metafísico a fim de, em diálogo com uma interpretação de Miguel B. Pereira, fazer repercutir tal quadro mais na linhagem futura da análise leibniziana e menos na do apriori kantiano.

Several countries maintain universal health coverage, which implies responsibility to organize delivery formats of healthcare services and products for citizens. In Brazil, the health system has a principle of universal access for more than 30 years, but many deficiencies remain and the country observes a day practice for those seeking judicial decisions to determine provision of healthcare.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose an e-business assessment framework for organizations that aim to enhance the effectiveness of their online presence and maximize the benefits that result from it. The framework is based on three main pillars derived from the academic literature research: e-marketing strategies, customer relationship management strategies and business model strategies. Design/methodology/approach This paper reviews the literature from e-Marketing, CRM and business model strategies, leading to the generation of an e-Business assessment framework. Second, it (...) takes 19 case studies and analyzes them using ATLAS.ti, through qualitative content analysis, to validate that framework. Findings Pragmatic advice for practitioners derives from research results considering that this framework enables managers to characterize the company in terms of its e-business approach, making it possible to determine the level of depth of competitive online strategies. Lessons for an improved e-business approach can be derived from this paper. Originality/value This study proposes a novel e-business framework to assist organizations that want to have an online presence. This framework is comprised of the factors identified in the literature review that contribute to define and scope that online presence. The framework is then validated through the collection of 19 case studies of companies that have this online presence, validating the theoretical findings. (shrink)

Atuação singular no contexto da dominação neerlandesa nas capitanias açucareiras da América portuguesa foi a de Frei Manoel Calado, popularmente conhecido como Frei Manoel dos Óculos. Perseguido pelo bispo D. Pedro da Silva e Sampaio, foram os contatos do religioso com os holandeses, e não propriamente sua prática missionária, mas sobretudo, sua amizade com o governador Conde de Nassau, que levantaram as suspeitas do bispo da Bahia, ex-Inquisidor português. Investigar as tramas deste frade que é mais conhecido pelo seu (...) papel de cronista no contexto do Brasil holandês que conseguiu escapar das malhas inquisitoriais, por meio da análise das acusações registradas nos Cadernos do Promotor da Inquisição de Lisboa é o objetivo central do presente artigo que acaba por revelar, também, o confuso modus operandi próprio do tribunal, articulado através da ação do bispo da diocese. O artigo parte de uma breve discussão historiográfica sobre a caracterização do ambiente do Brasil holandês como tempo de liberdade ou de intolerância religiosa; avança sobre a análise das fontes que apontam como o frei se tornou suspeito entre os católicos e foi perseguido entre os calvinistas; e conclui demonstrando a importância da prática missionária deste religioso para a manutenção do catolicismo na região. (shrink)

Chronic migraine is a difficult disease to diagnose, and its pathophysiology remains undefined. Its symptoms affect the quality of life and daily living tasks of the affected person, leading to momentary disability. This is a pilot, randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial study with female patients between 18 and 65 years old with chronic migraine. The patients underwent twelve mindfulness sessions paired with anodal transcranial direct-current stimulation over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, with current intensity of 2 mA applied for 20 (...) min, three times a week for 4 weeks. In addition, 20 min of mindfulness home practices were performed by guided meditation audio files. A total of 30 participants were evaluated after the treatment, and these were subdivided into two groups—active tDCS and sham tDCS, both set to mindfulness practice. The FFMQ-BR, MIDAS, and HIT-6 questionnaires were used to evaluate the outcomes. After the treatment, the active mindfulness and tDCS group showed better results in all outcomes. The sham group also showed improvements, but with smaller effect sizes compared to the active group. The only significant difference in the intergroup analysis was the outcome evaluated by HIT-6 in the post treatment result. Our results provide the first therapeutic evidence of mindfulness practices associated with left DLPFC anodal tDCS with a consequent increase in the level of full attention and analgesic benefits in the clinical symptoms of patients with chronic migraine. (shrink)

Atuação singular no contexto da dominação neerlandesa nas capitanias açucareiras da América portuguesa foi a de Frei Manoel Calado, popularmente conhecido como Frei Manoel dos Óculos. Perseguido pelo bispo D. Pedro da Silva e Sampaio, foram os contatos do religioso com os holandeses, e não propriamente sua prática missionária, mas sobretudo, sua amizade com o governador Conde de Nassau, que levantaram as suspeitas do bispo da Bahia, ex-Inquisidor português. Investigar as tramas deste frade que é mais conhecido pelo seu (...) papel de cronista no contexto do Brasil holandês que conseguiu escapar das malhas inquisitoriais, por meio da análise das acusações registradas nos Cadernos do Promotor da Inquisição de Lisboa é o objetivo central do presente artigo que acaba por revelar, também, o confuso _modus operandi_ próprio do tribunal, articulado através da ação do bispo da diocese. O artigo parte de uma breve discussão historiográfica sobre a caracterização do ambiente do Brasil holandês como tempo de liberdade ou de intolerância religiosa; avança sobre a análise das fontes que apontam como o frei se tornou suspeito entre os católicos e foi perseguido entre os calvinistas; e conclui demonstrando a importância da prática missionária deste religioso para a manutenção do catolicismo na região. (shrink)

We propose a special look at new epistemological possibilities in constructing knowledge to fill the gap between theory development and its practical and societal applications. We turn our attention to the strategy field of studies, which is traditionally positivist, but that also accommodates some timid attempts to produce content from other onto-epistemological bases, such as strategy as practice. Then, we explore the possible interchange between strategy as practice and the Epistemologies of the South. Once strategy as practice is based on (...) practice rationality, which conceives social life as continuous production, it allows considering a wider diversity of social experiences surrounding strategic management. Likewise, the Epistemologies of the South represent a processual approach, which considers the social realities of developing countries and allows the inclusion of marginalized voices in social sciences' theorizing movements. We develop a conceptual-methodological guide for researchers to reflect on the possible ways to systematically rescue pieces of many social experiences forgotten by normal science, promoting cognitive and social justice in research, especially in the strategy field. Our proposal is a reflection about exploring what is not done, what is not practiced and make possible to expand the universe of social experiences considered for analysis in organizational and management studies. In doing so, we call the attention of scholars to start a paradigm shift from marginalization to the inclusion of multiple social realities toward cognitive and social democracy in research. (shrink)

Der vorliegende Band leistet eine philosophische Untersuchung des Begriffs Ethos bei Homer. Traditionell schenken die Homer-Interpreten der konkreten Bedeutung des Begriffs allein in Bezug auf die Tiere Aufmerksamkeit und sprechen nicht uber den Zusammenhang des Wortes mit den menschlichen Figuren im Text. Auch wird deren psychologische Dimension in der Regel nicht beachtet. Die Analyse ist ein Beitrag zu einer anderen Art von Interpretation des Begriffs Ethos, in der wichtige Perspektivierungen, wie sie z. B. in der Philosophie, der Handlungspsychologie oder der (...) Gleichnistheorie unternommen werden, Berucksichtigung finden. Eine vollstandige Erfassung des Begriffs wird nicht angestrebt, vielmehr wird versucht, eine neue Lesart des Begriffs ethos im Zusammenhang mit den menschlichen Figuren bei Homer zu eroffnen. (shrink)

The present study analyses the relationship between human beings, society and nature from the thought of Jean-Jacques Rousseau; European thinker inserted in a vast political-anthropological tradition that seeks to understand human existence, both in its essential and relational dimensions. In this sense, Rousseau highlights a contradiction: technical and cultural development, although necessary, can also lead to the degradation of nature and the human essence. Works such as Discourse on the Sciences and Arts, Discourse on the Origin and Foundation of Inequality (...) and Reveries of a Solitary Stroller were chosen, precisely because they allow us to examine the consequences of human alienation about its relationship with the world, also demonstrating the search for harmony as the ultimate horizon of satisfaction. A critical position in the face of social relations and the need for esteem and recognition from others. In Reveries, for example, Rousseau reflects on happiness and the relationship with nature, which, if preserved, enables a refuge from social pressures and an encounter with the true “I”. It is a criticism of itself-love (amour-propre) like the search for possessions and honours; aspects that distance humanity from self-love (amour de soi) and pity for others. (shrink)

The article aims to study the fragments 2 and 7 of Parmenides through Martin Heidegger’s philosophy. The study focuses on the comprehension of the Being’s investigative paths and on "the concealed sense" of the term éthos in the poem. Finally, the text is going to compare the sense of éthos established in Parmenides with the one testified by Heraclitus. The last one shows itself much more originary, as can be understood from Heidegger’s texts.

In this study we focus on the phenomenon of anakhóresis in the context of Roman domination of Egypt, specifically related to the period of the episcopate of Athanasius in his chair in Alexandria. From that perspective, we analyze the very action of anakhoreîn carried by the bishop of Alexandria on his dangerously biographical way, in which he was exiled by the emperors and had to escape several times, the last three to the desert. Finally, taking up the notion of anakhoreîn, (...) the departure to the desert, while monk‟s moving to a isolation from a cultural and coeval, milieu as a concept discursively constructed in the narrative of Vita Antonii, composed by Athanasius in the IVth century AD, resuming and revising Hadot's concepts of 'spiritual exercise' and Michel Foucault‟s 'practice of the self '. (shrink)

BackgroundPreprint usage is growing rapidly in the life sciences; however, questions remain on the relative quality of preprints when compared to published articles. An objective dimension of quality that is readily measurable is completeness of reporting, as transparency can improve the reader’s ability to independently interpret data and reproduce findings.MethodsIn this observational study, we initially compared independent samples of articles published in bioRxiv and in PubMed-indexed journals in 2016 using a quality of reporting questionnaire. After that, we performed paired comparisons (...) between preprints from bioRxiv to their own peer-reviewed versions in journals.ResultsPeer-reviewed articles had, on average, higher quality of reporting than preprints, although the difference was small, with absolute differences of 5.0% [95% CI 1.4, 8.6] and 4.7% [95% CI 2.4, 7.0] of reported items in the independent samples and paired sample comparison, respectively. There were larger differences favoring peer-reviewed articles in subjective ratings of how clearly titles and abstracts presented the main findings and how easy it was to locate relevant reporting information. Changes in reporting from preprints to peer-reviewed versions did not correlate with the impact factor of the publication venue or with the time lag from bioRxiv to journal publication.ConclusionsOur results suggest that, on average, publication in a peer-reviewed journal is associated with improvement in quality of reporting. They also show that quality of reporting in preprints in the life sciences is within a similar range as that of peer-reviewed articles, albeit slightly lower on average, supporting the idea that preprints should be considered valid scientific contributions. (shrink)

Resenha do livro "Chauvinismo e extrema-direita: Crítica aos herdeiros do sigma", de Jefferson Rodrigues Barbosa.

Tal como a maioria dos alunos que ingressam em um curso superior em uma universidade pública, vindos de uma formação básica muito aquém do preparo para a universidade, quando ingressei no curso de Filosofia eu pouco sabia sobre como eram as aulas, desconhecia completamente os projetos e oportunidades para ensino, pesquisa e extensão, e sequer conseguia projetar meu futuro além da essencial formação como licenciado. E provavelmente não teria a oportunidade de expandir meus objetivos e ter uma formação adequada não (...) fossem os excelentes professores e professoras com quem fui aprender sobre filosofia, sobre os trabalhos e projetos acadêmicos, e mesmo sobre a vida. (shrink)

O objetivo desta pesquisa teórica é problematizar as concepções de educação, conhecimento e produção de conhecimento que compartilhamos no movimento negro a partir da descrição que encontramos delas na obra “O movimento negro educador”, de Nilma Lino Gomes. A obra foi escolhida como objeto de estudo pela penetração no campo e pelo objetivo de pensar o papel do movimento negro no desenvolvimento da compreensão sobre raça e racismo no Brasil, seja no âmbito mais geral, seja na educação escolar. Este (...) trabalho suscita um debate para repensarmos os limites e as potencialidades de nossas concepções enquanto movimento negro proletário a respeito sobre a relação entre raça, racismo, educação e conhecimento e caminhos que podemos seguir para requalificá-las. (shrink)

Este artigo aborda as memórias do handebol nos jogos escolares maranhenses (JEMs) (1970), em São Luís-MA. O corpus empírico do estudo foi o ginásio desportivo Ronald da Silva de Carvalho, da Escola Técnica Federal do Maranhão (ETFMA). A pesquisa qualitativa com aporte teórico-metodológico da Memória e da História Oral, com entrevista dos “lugares de memória” negras do campo esportivo, objetivou reconstruir as experiências do handebol no JEMs. Os Jogos Escolares Brasileiros e a invasão dos paulistas em São Luis-MA, transformou (...) as configurações na obtenção do sucesso esportivo no campo esportivo brasileiro e internacional. (shrink)

Este trabalho objetiva analisar a contribuição da literatura infantil no processo de construção da identidade étnico-racial na educação infantil e discutir as representações de crianças negras nas histórias infantis. Pretendeu-se também discutir a importância de se trabalhar literatura com temáticas voltadas às relações étnico-raciais na educação infantil. A metodologia utilizada foi a análise cultural das obras literárias infantis “Betina” e “Makeba vai à escola” a partir da revisão bibliográfica de autoras negras, como: Nilma Lino Gomes e Ana Fátima Cruz (...) dos Santos, que tratam das relações étnico-raciais representadas por personagens infantis. Referente à literatura infantil para as relações étnico-raciais, em sua maioria as negras e negros são representados de forma estereotipada. A lei 10.639/03, evidenciou a necessidade de se trabalhar a cultura da população negra e indígena na escola, estimulando a oferta de materiais que tratem desse tema. É importante que as crianças negras se vejam etnicamente representadas em obras literárias que lhes possibilite a construção de sua identidade e pertencimento. A análise dos dados nos permitiu reflexões e novos olhares voltados para a construção da identidade étnico-racial na educação infantil através da literatura infantil. (shrink)

Background: The concept of the right to health includes decent conditions of work, housing, and leisure. It can be assessed through the evaluation of access to health services and programs. The creation of the Brazilian Unified Health System expanded access to healthcare for the entire Brazilian population. Aim: This study aimed to understand the use of the Brazilian Unified Health System by pregnant women who live on the Brazil–Paraguay border, whose residents are known as Braziguayans. Methods: We conducted 16 semi-structured (...) interviews with users of prenatal services at Unified Health System units located at the border of the municipalities of Ponta Porã and Pedro Juan Caballero. Ethical considerations: The Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul approved of this research. All participants were provided with project information and signed an informed consent form. Findings: Through content analysis of the interviews, “right to health” and “autonomy, pathways, and access” were two recurrent themes that have arisen. These suggested that Braziguayan women live in conditions of social vulnerability. They do not fully experience the right to healthcare, despite sufficient knowledge about the Brazilian and Paraguayan healthcare systems from which to choose prenatal care. The interviewees acknowledged that Unified Health System use is a right of Brazilian citizens and considered its units to be safe environments. These women also understand the structuring of Unified Health System and the mechanisms of accessing healthcare programs. Conclusion: We can conclude that, despite widely known difficulties, Unified Health System represents, for Braziguayan women, potential access to reliable health services for adequate prenatal and childbirth assistance. (shrink)

Lógica, formação escolar e filosofia entre os jesuítas Resumo: O interesse mais direto deste artigo é a relação entre a Lógica e a formação filosófica na educação jesuíta. Para compor uma imagem da importância e da concreção da Lógica na formação proposta pelos inacianos, nós nos concentraremos na Ratio Studiorum e na obra do jesuíta português Pedro da Fonseca (1526-1599). A razão do recorte proposto é que as reflexões de Fonseca sobre o tema parecem, por um lado, orientar outros (...) jesuítas, como é o caso de Sebastião do Couto, que é o autor da dialética do Curso Conimbricense; por outro, elas são mais completas, sobretudo pela atenção dada por Fonseca ao método e às disputationes. De posse do conceito de Lógica de Fonseca, concluímos com a indicação de caminhos contemporâneos de revisitação de lógicas do passado. Palavras-chave: lógica; método; educação; jesuítas. Logic, school education and philosophy among the Jesuits Abstract: The most direct interest of this article is the relationship between Logic and philosophical formation in Jesuit education. In order to produce an image of the importance and concretion of Logic in the formation proposed by the Ignatians, we will focus on the Ratio Studiorum and on the work of the Portuguese Jesuit Pedro da Fonseca (1526-1599). The reason for the proposed approach is that Fonseca's reflections on the subject seem, on the one hand, to guide other Jesuits, such as Sebastião do Couto, who is the author of the dialectic of Curso Conimbricense; on the other hand, Fonseca’s conception of logic is more complete regarding the other Jesuits, especially due to the attention given by our author to the method and the disputationes. In possession of Fonseca's Logic concept, we conclude with an indication of contemporary paths for revisiting the logics of the past. Key-words: logic; method; education; Jesuits. Logica, educazione scolastica e filosofia tra i gesuiti Abstract: L’interesse più diretto di questo articolo è il rapporto tra Logica e la formazione filosofica nell’educazione dei gesuiti. Per produrre un’immagine dell’importanza e della concretezza della Logica nella formazione proposta dagli inaziani, ci concentreremo nella Ratio Studiorum e nell’opera del gesuita portoghese Pedro da Fonseca (1526-1599). Il motivo di questa scelta è che le riflessioni di Fonseca sull’argomento sembrano, da un lato, guidare gli altri gesuiti, come Sebastião do Couto, cioè, l’autore della dialettica del Curso Conimbricense; da l’altro, la concezione di logica di Fonseca è più completa riguardo ad’altri gesuiti, soprattutto per l’attenzione data dall’autore al metodo e alle disputationes. Possedendo il concetto di logica di Fonseca, concludiamo con l’indicazione di modi contemporanei di rivisitare le logiche del passato. Parole chiave: logica ; metodo ; educazione ; gesuiti. Data de registro: 16/09/2021 Data de aceite: 01/12/2021. (shrink)

This article investigates the existence of an original Brazilian legal culture. It parts from a critical examination of the key moments in the history of Brazil through the accounts of its most important scholars, such as Caio Prado Júnior, Darcy Ribeiro, Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, Wilson Martins, Oliveira Viana, Roberto Damatta, José Murilo de Carvalho, among others. It identifies in the Brazilian legal culture something one might call tradition of exception, which can be found in many of its (...) most prominent aspects, such as the persistent denial of any general or abstract regulatory standards, the uncritical introduction of foreign doctrines and legal patterns, the maintenance of aristocratic traditions in social life and the historical disregard of the Brazilian people as political subject. The article also offers a reflection on the problems and potentials of the current historic moment, in which for the first time Brazilians face the possibility of a genuine cultural emancipation. (shrink)

The paper studies the contribution of Joaquim de Carvalho, a teacher at the University of Coimbra in the first half of last century, to the phenomenological movement in Portugal. Its importance is not restricted to the introduction he had prepared for the Portuguese translation of The Philosophy of rigor as science. He used the lessons of Edmund Husserl to build a critique of Hegelian and positivist conceptions in his work History of Philosophy. It also draws on phenomenology to treat (...) problems such as homesickness. All these aspects of the project as publisher of phenomenology in Portugal, especially in education. (shrink)

Niche construction theory highlights the active role of organisms in modifying their environment. A subset of these modifications is the developmental niche, which concerns ecological, epistemic, social and symbolic legacies inherited by organisms as resources that scaffold their developmental processes. Since in this theory development is a situated process that takes place in a culturally structured environment, we may reasonably ask if implicit cultural biases may, in some cases, be responsible for maladaptive developmental niches. In this paper we wish to (...) argue for an affirmative answer. In order to do so, we first propose to conceptualize implicit bias as embodied perceptual habits, and then proceed to show that these habits are at least partially responsible for maladaptive developmental niches of children with Down syndrome and autism. With this framework we thus hope to bring together two fields of research that haven’t been explicitly connected: implicit bias and niche construction theory. Linking these two theories may bring benefits both to implicit bias researchers, who can extend this concept to characterize other sets of processes as biased, as well as to niche construction theorists, who will have a useful theoretical tool to diagnose maladaptive features of niches brought about by sociocultural biases. (shrink)

Em poucos anos, Olavo de Carvalho, figura obscura, sem projeção e sem qualquer reconhecimento acadêmico, passa a ocupar o centro do poder político brasileiro. Considerado o guru ideológico do governo Bolsonaro, é responsável pela indicação de pelo menos dois ministros e vem sendo o mentor intelectual de vários ocupantes de cargos na administração e na política. Olavo simboliza hoje os contraditórios valores conservadores brasileiros e, no passo disto, instiga algumas das mais destrutivas estratégias na guerra cultural que ele e (...) seus discípulos empreendem. Através do olhar incisivo de Heloisa de Carvalho, a filha mais velha deste guru e testemunha ocular destes relatos, a faceta sombria e controversa de Olavo, que ele tanto tentou ocultar, se expõe: seus vínculos com escandalosas seitas esotéricas, sua vida errática e desregrada, o grave abandono intelectual dos filhos, e toda uma trajetória pessoal e profissional centrada no culto à própria personalidade que, contra todas as expectativas e quase que desafiando a lógica, tornou-se uma incontornável referência intelectual da chamada "Nova Direita" do país. Um novo que aponta para o passado - para a longínqua Idade Média -, concorrendo para o retrocesso dos avanços sociais a tão alto custo conquistados pelo povo. Esperamos que as revelações biográficas de Heloísa sejam uma gota no oceano da necessária frenagem da difusão e defesa dessas ideias torpes e contraditórias. Não nos importa o homem, mas sua trajetória tem a ver com suas ideias e suas práticas, daí a importância da leitura desse livro. (shrink)

Corria o ano de 2007 quando o jornalista britânico Peter Trickett publicou na Austrália um livro no qual atribuía a descoberta da Austrália ao português Cristóvão de Mendonça, ainda durante a primeira metade do século XVI. Já nos anos setenta do século XX tinha havido uma acalorada discussão entre historiadores acerca da eventual descoberta da Austrália por portugueses, mas o assunto tinha ficado adormecido durante algumas décadas. Quando em 2008 se publicou, em Portugal, Para Além de Capricórnio. Como os navegadores (...) portugueses descobriram e cartografaram secretamente a costa da Austrália e da Nova Zelândia, 250 anos antes da chegada do Capitão Cook, a tradução do livro de Trickett para português, o Museu da Ciência da Universidade de Coimbra reuniu especialistas de diversas áreas para discutirem o tema. No presente livro encontram-se reunidas algumas das contribuições desse colóquio, Portugueses na Austrália. (shrink)

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar o desenvolvimento do conceito de “vontade” na obra O mundo como vontade e representação (1818-9) do filósofo alemão Arthur Schopenhauer. Pretende-se apresentar o conceito perpassando inicialmente pela dicotomia kantiana da Crítica da razão pura entre “coisa em si” e “fenômeno”. Depois, seguiremos as observações feitas por Schopenhauer a essa categorização da realidade e suas ressalvas, para, então, explicitarmos a sua respectiva filosofia fundamentada na oposição entre “vontade” e “representação”. Por último, a influência desse pensamento (...) na denominada “segunda tópica” (pós 1920) na obra do pai da Psicanálise, Sigmund Freud. (shrink)

How can we explain our capacity to think about particulars in our external environment? Many philosophers have answered this question in terms of a sophisticated conception of space and time and the movement of objects therein. A more recent reaction against this view sought to explain this capacity solely in terms of perceptual mechanisms of object individuation. Neither explanation remains fully satisfactory. This book argues for a more desirable middle ground in terms of a pragmatist approach to demonstrative thought, where (...) this capacity is explained through graded practical knowledge of objects. This view allows us to do justice to important insights put forward by both positions criticized in the book, while avoiding their potential shortcomings. It also paves the way to a more pragmatist approach to the theory of mental representation, where the notion of practical knowledge is allowed to play a central role in our cognitive life. Finally, it shows how practical knowledge may be firmly rooted in neurobiological processes and mechanisms that conform to what the empirical sciences tell us about the mind. (shrink)

Este trabalho apresenta exemplos de emissoras de rádio nas Américas que desempenharam um papel fundamental no processo de resistência ao poder estabelecido em seus territórios, com destaque para relatos de experiências nas quais os elementos não-verbais se mostraram expressivos para os roteiros de programas radiofônicos. Um dos objetivos é traçar um painel histórico das rádios que se opuseram ao poder constituído no século XX.

Célio Azevedo hallitun kaaoksen filosofia piilee 2000-luvun silmissä terävän nihilismin teorian abstraktiossa. Teos kokoaa yhteen monipuolisen näkemyksen kirjailijan tämän päivän elämän pääteemoista.

In this paper I claim that perceptual discriminatory skills rely on a suitable type of environment as an enabling condition for their exercise. This is because of the constitutive connection between environment and perceptual discriminatory skills, inasmuch as such connection is construed from an ecological approach. The exercise of a discriminatory skill yields knowledge of affordances of objects, properties, or events in the surrounding environment. This is practical knowledge in the first-person perspective. An organism learns to perceive an object by (...) becoming sensitized to its affordances. I call this position ecological disjunctivism. A corollary of this position is that a case of perception and its corresponding case of hallucination—which is similar to the former only in some respects—are different in nature. I show then how the distinguishability problem is addressed by ecological disjunctivism. (shrink)

A pesquisa revela a grande influencia dos beneditinos no Brasil e na São Paulo colonial. São revelados diversos aspectos da historia da Ordem de São Bento e suas particularidades no período retratado: São Paulo colonial.

Sob o tema da filosofia do Espírito em Mestre Eckhart, o presente artigo revitaliza alguns escritos anteriores do autor sobre aquele filósofo, agora atendendo sobretudo ao Sermão do Homem Nobre e no contexto epocal de um intelectualismo ético enquanto pretexto de discussão de conflitos epistémicos. Alguns textos inseríveis nessa corrente são apresentados e confrontados, de seguida, com a expressão tomista com que dialogaram, mas da qual se distinguiram. Sob a dominante matricial da "vida segundo o espírito", de Pseudo-Dionísio a Eckhart, (...) convidar-se-á à superação de uma metafísica do espírito por uma filosofia da liberdade. Em termos disciplinares tradicionais, embora na esteira pensante de Eckhart, isto equivale, contra Feuerbach, justamente, a dizer que o verdadeiro sentido da antropologia é a teologia. /// 'Living in accordance with the spirit' is the theoretical underlying motive of this paper. It resumes previous articles of the author on Eckhart, now stressing the theme of the Noble Man focused on the following historical horizon: the ethical intellectualism of Siger, Boethius and Peter of Auvergne is confronted with the anthropology of beatitude of Thomas Aquinas and mainly with the anthropology of the Portuguese Jesuits of the 16th Century, being the reason for this Duns Scotus' criticism of the former while the latter tried to respond to that criticism. The above-mentioned historical and hermeneutical horizon invites to surpass a permanent metaphysics of the spirit by a philosophy of freedom, thus allowing one to defend that the true meaning of anthropology lies in theology. (shrink)

Francisco de Aquino Júnior ,Yves Carrier | : L’article traite de l’actualité de la Théologie de la libération. Il débute par une explication du double sens de l’expression Théologie de la libération (praxis théologale — théorie théologique) et des « intuitions centrales » qui la caractérisent et la structurent intérieurement (primat de la praxis et de la perspective du pauvre et de l’opprimé). Ensuite, il confronte la problématique de l’actualité de cette théologie (présence, visibilité, importance, pertinence). Enfin, il aborde (...) ce que nous considérons comme ses défis les plus importants et les plus fondamentaux : partialité de Dieu pour les pauvres, foi comme réalisation de la volonté de Dieu, problématique des médiations, caractère théologal-prophétique des luttes populaires et relation entre théorie et praxis. | : This article deals with the current state of Liberation Theology. It begins with an explanation of the double meaning of the expression “Theology of Liberation” (theologal praxis — theological theory) and of the leading ideas which characterize and internally structure it (primacy of practice and a decision to view the world from the perspective of the poor and oppressed). It continues with a consideration of the current state of this theology (presence, visibility, importance and relevance). The article moves on to a consideration of the most important and fundamental challenges posed by this theological option : the partiality of God for the poor, faith understood as carrying out the will of God, the problem of means, the prophetic-theologal character of popular struggles and the relationship between theory and practice. (shrink)